DLP積層製造軟體與切層輪廓擬合之研究;The Research on Sliced Contour Fitting and Software for DLP Additive Manufacturing

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Title:	DLP積層製造軟體與切層輪廓擬合之研究;The Research on Sliced Contour Fitting and Software for DLP Additive Manufacturing
Authors:	莊朝欽;CHUANG, CHAO-CHIN
Contributors:	機械工程系研究所
Keywords:	積層製造;DLP;光罩;B-Spline曲線;Additive manufacturing;DLP;Mask;B-Spline Curve
Date:	2017
Issue Date:	2019-07-17
Publisher:	機械工程系研究所
Abstract:	積層製造(Additive Manufacturing)近年來廣泛地運用於製造領域當中。設計者可以直接使用電腦建構模型，經過積層製造軟體輸出檔案，將檔案輸入至機台，就能直接生產產品，縮短了產品設計的時間。使用者對於模型設計與修改更加的便利，因此能因應各領域快速開發的需求。本文研究重點在於發展一個積層製造軟體，適用於DLP(Digital Light Processing)形式之3D列印機。DLP技術屬於積層製造中，精度較高的一種成型模式。製造流程為，首先經由CAD(Computer Aided Design)軟體建構模型，經過積層製造軟體進行切層處理，將3D的模型轉換成2D的輪廓，再進一步轉換成光罩圖，最後輸出至DLP形式之3D列印機列印。模型的表面是由許多三角網格構成，因此模型的網格數會影響產品的精度與表面的平滑度，當模型的網格愈密集，產品會愈接近於設計的模型，反之，產品表面會較為粗糙。研究利用切層處理的2D輪廓進行曲線擬合，使用B-Spline曲線擬合每一層的切層輪廓，使輪廓的誤差下降，並達到平滑化的效果。網格數76的圓柱模型經過擬合，平均誤差由0.0923mm下降到0.0103mm，平均誤差小於網格數236的0.0104mm，列印的誤差也由0.29mm下降至0.221mm，經由光學影像量測儀的觀測，物件的邊緣處較為平滑。 In recent years, Additive Manufacturing has been widely applied in manufacturing sector. Designers use the computer to create model. Through software, we can enter the file into the 3D printer. The machine produce product directly. Users are convenient for design and modification of the model. Therefore, Additive Manufacturing can handle requirement of rapid development in various fields.The purpose of this study develops additive manufacturing software for 3D printer (DLP). DLP (Digital Light Processing) technology has good accuracy of dimension. The first step for the production processes used CAD (Computer Aided Design) software to create model. The second step transforms the 3D model into 2D contours, through additive manufacturing software for layering. 2D contours generate masks. The final step put the masks into 3D printer.The surface of the model is composed of many triangular meshes. Therefore, the number of meshes affects dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness. The meshes are denser, the product will be closer to the design of the model, by the contrast, surface flatness will be coarse. In this research, The B-Spline curve is used to fit the contour of each layer. The contour error will be reduced and the contour will be smooth. The cylindrical model of grid number 76 is fitted, and average error is reduced from 0.0923mm to 0.0103mm .The cylindrical model of grid number 76, which average error is less than 0.0104 mm of grid number 236. The printing error also dropped from 0.29mm to 0.221mm. Through the observation of the optical instrument, the edge of the object is smoother than original model.
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