中國「一帶一路」倡議的提出,被外界視為對美國霸權在國際建制上領導權的競爭。在此一期間美國兩任政府外交政策對於美國是否要在全球繼續扮演「體系中的穩定者」方面,兩者所抱持的理念及所行使的外交政策大相徑庭,歐巴馬政府呈現出希望透過主導國際建制來維持美國的霸權,川普政府則是減少美國在維持國際建制的付出,甚至有走向「孤立主義」傾向。以霸權穩定論來看,歐巴馬政府欲以參與多邊組織的方式與盟友分攤霸權面對中國崛起的負擔,並對區域內提出TPP成為中國「一帶一路」倡議的替代選項。川普政府的政策則是以單邊主動攻擊的方式,對中國直接在經濟上進行打擊,於此同時注重美國私利的態度,卻對美國霸權的正當性造成損害。本文欲先透過檢視美國兩任政府外交政策對於中國「一帶一路」提出後所作出的政策反應,希望能梳理出美國對中國「一帶一路」倡議的看法,再利用霸權穩定論中,霸權、國際制度與權力之間的連結角度來分析在面對中國提出「一帶一路」倡議,謀求國際秩序的話語權的挑戰時,美國領導權在全球權力結構上的權力運用與消長。 China's “Belt and Road” initiative is widely interpreted as a competition for the leadership with American hegemony in the international system. Meanwhile, the two leaders of the United States have different opinion on whether the United States should continue to play the role of “stabilizer” in world system The Obama administration chose to maintain US hegemony by leading international institutions. On the contrary, the Trump administration is reducing the United States’ efforts to maintain international institutions, and even tend to embracing "isolationism."The Obama administration wanted to share the burden of China's rise with allies in the way of participating in multilateral organizations, and offered “TPP” in the region as an alternative choice to China's “Belt and Road” initiative. In contrast, The Trump administration took preemptive action to deal a blow to China’s economy.The thesis try to analyze the policy of two US presidents which responded to China's “Belt and Road” initiative. And discuss the relation of hegemony, regime and power from the perspective of hegemonic stability theory. Eventually find out there will have a knock-on effort on the rise and fall of American leadership in the global power structure when China seek the power of discourse in the international order by proposed the "Belt and Road.